TOEFL iBT: Thousands Of People Owe Their Lives To These Giant “Hero Rats”
It may seem hard to believe, but after decades of war,
Cambodia still has an estimated four to six million landmines and unexploded
munitions littering its fields, forests and riverbeds. This is a major problem
because over 64,000 people have been killed or injured by these explosive
remnants.
The Cambodian Mine Action Centre (CMAC) has cleared
2.6 million landmines and unexploded ordnance during the past 20 years. They
have been looking for a faster and safer way to clear these explosives and the
CMAC believes they have found an answer; African giant pouched rats.
During a recent demonstration, one of these rats was
seen scampering between two handlers, running up and down the length of a
measuring tape they held between them. Suddenly, the rat stopped, stood on his
hind legs and sniffed the air. The rat sensed something nearby. Finally, he put
his paws to the ground and started scratching the earth. The rat had just
marked the presence of TNT.
Metal detectors are often used to detect landmines.
Unfortunately, these detectors beep for every coin, can and piece of foil found
in the ground, as well. Rats may prove to be much more efficient because they
are trained to only locate TNT. When the rats scratch the ground to send their
signal, there is usually a landmine beneath.
The rats are fast, too. One rat can search 200 square
meters in 20 minutes while a deminer with a metal detector may take 1-4 days to
search the same area. “I was amazed when I learned that the rats could sniff
landmines,” said Sean Enah, who has over 20 years of experience clearing
Cambodia’s minefields. “It’s good news for Cambodia and the people who live
near minefields.”
"Rat was seen scampering between two handlers, running up and down the length of a measuring tape.
ReplyDeleteRewrite this extraction from the text. Use synonyms and replace the words "scampering" and "handlers".
Metal detectors and rats are used to detect landmines. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using each of them for this job?
ReplyDeleteA behavorist method is used in order to train the rats for their job, as shown in the video. Similarly to the way people behaviorally respond to stimulus, this method seems to be very effective to the rats as well. What other rats characteristics and behavior can we find in the video that are also present in people's behavior and attitudes?
ReplyDelete